Here you can find a collection of legal instruments and ethical sources on the topic of health data reuse, which in the future could be used by you other scholars to compare the ethical and legal framework in Italy, The Netherlands, and Spain.

EUROPEAN LAW

GDPR https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/679/oj/eng

AI ACT https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1689/oj/eng

DATA ACT https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/2854

DATA GOVERNANCE ACT https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/868/oj/eng

OPEN DATA DIRECTIVE https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2019/1024/oj/eng

EUROPEAN HEALTH DATA SPACE https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52022PC0197

EDPB GUIDANCE ON PSEUDONYMIZATION https://www.edpb.europa.eu/our-work-tools/documents/public-consultations/2025/guidelines-012025-pseudonymisation_en

EDPB GUIDANCE ON AI https://www.edpb.europa.eu/system/files/2024-12/edpb_opinion_202428_ai-models_en.pdf

WP ARTICLE 29 OPINION ON ANONYMIZATION TECHNIQUES https://ec.europa.eu/justice/article-29/documentation/opinion-recommendation/files/2014/wp216_en.pdf

ITALY

DISEGNO DI LEGGE – ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ACT https://www.fiscoetasse.com/files/18248/ddl-intelligenza-artificiale-post-precdm-23-04-2024.pdf?_gl=1*rhjrvz*_up*MQ..*_ga*MTM3MjIyMjk2MS4xNzQwNTg2NzA3*_ga_EE64P4Z01K*MTc0MDU4NjcwNy4xLjAuMTc0MDU4NjcwNy4wLjAuMA..*_ga_9HD1K76044*MTc0MDU4NjcwNy4xLjAuMTc0MDU4NjcwNy4wLjAuMA..

RISORSE DEL GARANTE SU SANItA’ E RICERCA SCIENTIFICA https://www.garanteprivacy.it/temi/sanita-e-ricerca-scientifica

FAQ GARANTE IRCSS https://www.garanteprivacy.it/temi/sanita-e-ricerca-scientifica/irccs

LINEE GUIDA GARANTE SU DOSSIER SANITARIO https://www.garanteprivacy.it/web/guest/home/docweb/-/docweb-display/docweb/4084632

LINEE GUIDA GARANTE SU SITI WEB SALUTE https://www.garanteprivacy.it/web/guest/home/docweb/-/docweb-display/docweb/1870212

LINEE GUIDA GARANTE SU COSTUMER SATISFACTION IN AMBITO SALUTE https://www.garanteprivacy.it/web/guest/home/docweb/-/docweb-display/docweb/3853781

LINEE GUIDA GARANTE REFERTI ONLINE https://www.garanteprivacy.it/web/guest/home/docweb/-/docweb-display/docweb/1679033

LINEE GUIDA GARANTE FASCICOLO SANITARIO ELETTRONICO https://www.garanteprivacy.it/web/guest/home/docweb/-/docweb-display/docweb/1634116

LINEE GUIDA GARANTE CLINICAL TRIALS https://www.garanteprivacy.it/web/guest/home/docweb/-/docweb-display/docweb/1533155

GARANTE GUIDANCE ON TELEMEDICINE: https://www.garanteprivacy.it/web/guest/home/docweb/-/docweb-display/docweb/9997624

DECRETO LEGISLATIVO 10 agosto 2018, n. 101 https://www.normattiva.it/uri-res/N2Ls?urn:nir:stato:decreto.legislativo:2018;101~art20-com4

DECRETO 8 novembre 2021, n. 200 https://www.normattiva.it/uri-res/N2Ls?urn:nir:stato:decreto.legislativo:2021-11-08;200

CODICE PRIVACY https://www.normattiva.it/uri-res/N2Ls?urn:nir:stato:decreto.legislativo:2003-06-30;196!vig=

THE NETHERLANDS

GOVERNMENT GUIDANCE ON HELATH DATA https://www.government.nl/topics/patients-rights-and-privacy/accessing-updating-or-deleting-medical-records

HEALTHCARE ACT https://wetten.overheid.nl/BWBR0023864/2023-07-01/#Hoofdstuk3a_Artikel15d

CIVIL CODE PROVISIONS https://wetten.overheid.nl/BWBR0005290/2016-04-01

MEDICAL TREATMENT AGREEMENT ACT https://wetten.overheid.nl/BWBR0007021/2006-02-01

GDPR IMPLEMENTATION ACT https://wetten.overheid.nl/BWBR0040940/2021-07-01

SPAIN

SPANISH DPA GUIDANCE ON ANONYMIZATION https://www.aepd.es/sites/default/files/2019-09/guia-orientaciones-procedimientos-anonimizacion.pdf

LAW ON PATIENT AUTONOMY https://www.aepd.es/sites/default/files/2019-09/guia-orientaciones-procedimientos-anonimizacion.pdf

SPANISH DATA PROTECTION ACT https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2018-16673

SPANISH DIGITAL RIGHT CHARTER https://espanadigital.gob.es/lineas-de-actuacion/carta-de-derechos-digitales

GUIDELINES FOR PATIENTS https://www.aepd.es/guias/guia-pacientes-usuarios-sanidad.pdf